What is more important to proper maintenance of tire/wheel and wheel end assemblies? A calibrated torque wrench, or an oil can and a wire brush?
Sure, lots of factors affect component performance at the wheel end. Is the mounting surface clean and free of rust? Is the wheel free of corrosion brought on by harsh chemical road de-icers? Is the paint applied to steel wheels during refinishing too thick? Are the outboard drums properly centered? All of these questions come to mind when a maintenance technician is sizing up proper wheel maintenance.
But threads are more important than any of these considerations. Fastener threads, that is. When it comes to wheel-end maintenance, it’s sometimes easy to take them for granted. Yet their proper installation–over torque, under torque– rusting, structural integrity and thread wear can determine whether wheels stay on securely, much less perform as intended. It sounds so basic, yet fasteners often get the ‘take-‘em-for-granted’ glance when wheels are installed or maintained.
To function properly, a wheel end needs a tightly bolted wheel end joint, which includes the wheel, drum and hub. On a 10-hole, stud-mounted wheel, each stud delivers about 60,000-lbs. of clamping force when new or in good repair.
From the onset, a lot can get in the way of a wheel’s fasteners performing properly. The integrity of the stud and nut thread partnership can start to break down from corrosion caused by road salt and chemicals, harsh environmental conditions, and over-tightening (when the 450 to 500 lb./ft. torque specification is violated).
The other thing to remember is that nothing lasts forever; even fasteners. Sure, a little oil and a good scrub with a wire brush to remove rust can boost their practical longevity. But lubrication by itself won’t restore the clamping force of rusty fasteners to their original, much less acceptable, levels. At some point, their clamping force compromised, you’ll need to replace those aging fasteners.
To ensure your wheel end remains tightly bolted, inspect your wheel end fasteners closely and regularly. Keep alert to problem signs. Remove any rust with a wire brush. Lubricate them with engine oil. It’s really that simple.
Editor’s note: This article was provided by Rafael Gonzalez, Director/Product Management, Wheels, Accuride Corp.
